Supplemental & Concentration Services

Title I

Schools receiving these supplemental funds are required to provide services that raise the academic achievement levels of K through 12 participants in basic and advanced skills. Additional support may be provided through professional development and health and guidance services. Parents of children being served have the opportunity to participate in the design and implementation of the program through activities such as developing parental involvement policies and compacts; parent-teacher conferences; parent training and literacy; participating as classroom volunteers, tutors, aides, etc

The Elementary & Secondary Education Act (§1113) requires that Districts annually rank and serve schools, not students. In doing so, there are two types of school programs that may be implemented: Title I Schoolwide Program (SWP) and Title I Targeted Assistance (TAS). These two models reinforce the concept that resources are allocated to schools, not students.

The purpose of Title I is to meet the educational needs of children from low-income households and the needs of children in local institutions for neglected or delinquent children. Participants include students who are at-risk of failing, disabled, and in private schools. The program receives federal funding from the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) and No Child Left Behind Act of 2001.

Source: California Department of Education

Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF)

The local control funding formula (LCFF) was enacted in 2013–14, and it replaced the previous kindergarten through grade 12 (K–12) finance system which had been in existence for roughly 40 years. For school districts and charter schools, the LCFF establishes base, supplemental, and concentration grants in place of the myriad of previously existing K–12 funding streams, including revenue limits, general purpose block grants, and most of the 50-plus state categorical programs that existed at the time. For county offices of education (COEs), the LCFF establishes separate funding streams for oversight activities and instructional programs.

One of the goals of the LCFF is to simplify how state funding is provided to local educational agencies (LEAs). Under the old funding system, each school district was funded based on a unique revenue limit, multiplied by its average daily attendance (ADA). In addition, districts received restricted funding for over 50 categorical programs which were designed to provide targeted services based on the demographics and needs of the students in each district.

Under the LCFF funding system, revenue limits and most state categorical programs have been eliminated. The LCFF creates funding targets based on student characteristics and provides greater flexibility to use these funds to improve student outcomes. For school districts and charter schools, the LCFF funding targets consist of grade span-specific base grants plus supplemental and concentration grants that are calculated based on student demographic factors.

Source: California Department of Education